{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/w950g3j98w/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Maria Pia Kothbauer, March 23, 2023"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/212/original/LOHI_aviarybanner2.jpg?1741032082","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2023-03-23 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewer"]},"value":{"en":["Whalen, Emily"]}},{"label":{"en":["Interviewee"]},"value":{"en":["Kothbauer, Maria Pia"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eHer Serene Highness Maria Pia Kothbauer, Ambassador of Lichtenstein to Austria, recalls in this interview her long career in diplomacy, particularly the critical years in Eastern Europe after the end of the Cold War. She describes a board meeting she planned for the EastWest Institute in Vienna, and the particular style of dialogue that John Mroz specialized in. She also talks about the feeling of optimism in Europe after the fall of the Berlin Wall and about the importance of international institutions.\u003c/p\u003e (abstract)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Contributing Institution"]},"value":{"en":["College of Charleston Libraries"]}},{"label":{"en":["Media Type"]},"value":{"en":["Oral History"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject - Personal or Corporate"]},"value":{"en":["Ahtisaari, Martti","EastWest Institute","European Union","Mroz, John Edwin","North Atlantic Treaty Organization","Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject - Topical"]},"value":{"en":["Berlin Wall, Berlin, Germany, 1961-1989","Civil service","Cold War","Democratization","European Union","Institution building","Internationalism","Post-communism","Track two diplomacy"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject - Geographic"]},"value":{"en":["Austria","Europe, Central","Europe, Eastern"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type IMT"]},"value":{"en":["video/mp4"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright © College of Charleston\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date Digital"]},"value":{"en":["2023-04-26"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eHer Serene Highness Maria Pia Kothbauer, Ambassador of Lichtenstein to Austria, recalls in this interview her long career in diplomacy, particularly the critical years in Eastern Europe after the end of the Cold War. She describes a board meeting she planned for the EastWest Institute in Vienna, and the particular style of dialogue that John Mroz specialized in. She also talks about the feeling of optimism in Europe after the fall of the Berlin Wall and about the importance of international institutions.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright \u0026copy; College of Charleston\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Lowcountry Digital Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Lowcountry Digital Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/212/original/LOHI_aviarybanner2.jpg?1741032082","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/184/509/small/Kothbauer_MariaPia_Mar2023.mp4_1680827563.jpg?1680827564","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - Kothbauer_Maria_Pia_Mar2023.mp4"]},"duration":1299.104,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/184/509/small/Kothbauer_MariaPia_Mar2023.mp4_1680827563.jpg?1680827564","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-cofc.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/184/509/original/Kothbauer_Maria_Pia_Mar2023.mp4?1680827562","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1299.104,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Transcript of Interview with Maria Pia Kothbauer, March 23, 2023 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nThis is Emily Whalen, it is March 23rd of 2023, and this is an oral history interview for the EWI Society Oral History Project. Please introduce yourself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=3.0,14.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nHi, my name is Maria Pia Kothbauer, I'm the Lichtenstein ambassador to Austria and to the international organizations here. I've been a diplomat of my country since 1989, a very important year in terms of the end of the Cold War and in terms of my personal history, in many ways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=14.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nWonderful. And how did you first hear of the EastWest Institute?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=40.0,48.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nI was contacted by a cousin of mine, Prince Nikolaus of Liechtenstein, who had some contacts with EastWest Institute. I'm not sure how exactly EastWest was linked up with him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=48.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I definitely also heard about EastWest Institute about a person who, unfortunately, passed away last year, Dr. Erhard Busek, who was a member of the Austrian government and very much involved with in sort of bridging the East and the West, particularly in the center of Europe. Like linking up Austria with the public in other countries in the Austrian neighborhood was something he was very much concerned with. And I think he was the first person, basically, to make Lichtenstein aware of the EastWest Institute.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=60.0,96.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nCan you say his name again? It cut out a little bit when you mentioned his name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=96.0,99.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nErhard Busek.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=99.0,102.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nErhard Busek, thank you. And what was going on in the world at the time that you began to become aware of the EastWest Institute? Can you paint a picture for us of what the atmosphere was like in Europe in the early 21st century?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=102.0,123.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nAt that time I was going to be the Lichtenstein OSCE delegation in Vienna, in fact, I was heading it. The '90s in the OSCE and Europe, I think, were very much characterized by the fact we overcame the spirit of the East-West issue, if you wish, of the Iron Curtain. And some—there was a very optimistic note in Europe, that we can build up strong institutions and that we, ultimately, will become a community of values.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=123.0,164.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Charter of Paris is an important point, a very important document. It is complex that of course 10 years earlier, but I think this was the project we were looking at. On the other hand, of course, we just knew about the experience of the very bad Yugoslav war, and all what it meant to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=164.0,186.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I would say that the overall mood was a positive one. European countries joining NATO, European countries joining the European Union. Lots of things going together that really belonged together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=186.0,200.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nWhat made you want to be involved with the EastWest Institute?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=200.0,203.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nI think the program was very good. I think the techniques were very good. But I think one of the overwhelming reasons that I got involved was its director, Mr. Mroz, who was so involved in the institute, and really made everybody work on the issues. And it made everybody feel that that this is a very important cause and that everybody makes a difference. So his enthusiasm, his idealism, that was, in many ways, very realistic. It was extremely convincing to me. And his wife, Karen, was just as important for this purpose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=203.0,248.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think they managed to have a very important mix of high-quality experts, high-ranking diplomats and politicians to get involved with a very personal engagement. I think this is a rare combination. And you belong to those people who always feel their personalities really can make a difference. But it was not just his show— I think he was never afraid to bring in people who were were intellectually as strong as he was. But I think this was an incredible mix, how he was able to really win people for what he believed in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=248.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nMm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=303.0,303.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nAnd he would be terribly worried now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=303.0,306.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nYeah. You mentioned that you appreciated the techniques of the EastWest Institute. Can you tell me a little bit more about what sort of techniques they used in their projects that made them stand out?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=306.0,319.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nI was less involved in their projects, I was more involved in their meetings. But I think you can apply that also to the projects. So there was a clear dedication to projects which touched upon the divides. I think overcoming the divide was a very important thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=319.0,347.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it was important that EastWest Institute had a very good sense of who were the people who you should talk to. And basically, I think they got the right people. They did not shy away from getting people with different opinions, so it was not that it was an only one opinion show. And it got very high-ranking people who were interested in thins. I think what was very important was that they, at the meetings I attended was always to do with touch points.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=347.0,381.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mroz always emphasized this family element. And this is sometimes suitable and sometimes not, but I feel that he really got the right mix. And people knew about, people are personally concerned and politically concerned, and I think here is where well-picked and really work hard to provide a good atmosphere for exchange.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=381.0,417.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nSo you mentioned you were involved mostly with the meetings. Are there any memorable EastWest Institute meetings that stand out to you from your time there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=417.0,425.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nWell, I think the one that is most memorable for me, certainly, is the one where I helped to shape it, and that was the meeting in Vienna where I was trying to help to get the right people there and to fund, for example, the content. So I think, if I'm not mistaken, it was maybe 2005 or so. So I think it was utterly memorable for me, because it was the meeting I was the most involved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=425.0,456.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think that I remember one of the meetings in China. That was memorable for me because it became so clear for the Europeans, for the Americans it was already apparent the issue, a lot of growing concern about China, and the growing interest as well. So I think that gave it a particular tilt. It was outstanding in that sense, because it was not the usual place were we would meet. But it was also in terms of the theme that was introduced was important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=456.0,492.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nAnd that meeting in Vienna, you mentioned that you helped organize and plan it. What was the purpose of that meeting?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=492.0,501.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nThe purpose of the meeting was to really pick a place where East-West has a lot of meaning. Where an important organization has its seat, they try, or tried to create bridges with the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the former CSCE, that is a baby of the Cold War. And I think one of the challenges for organizations is to manage to overcome the Cold War. So I think it was wise to visit this specific place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=501.0,564.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think Vienna is, of course, a place where the East meets the West, and the West meets the East, until today. But it was always also the place where many of the specifics of the Iron Curtain were finally torn down. It was the year after some of the newly independent European countries, neighbors of Austria that were not already members of the EU joined. So I think it was a very, particularly political context, a good place to meet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=564.0,572.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And apart from that, Vienna is lovely—","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=572.0,581.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nIt cut out just a little at the end. You said Vienna is...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=581.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nIs a lovely city, where I think everybody's more than happy to come.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=585.0,589.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nYes, of course. Yeah, marvelous. So you were on the board, we established, from 2000 to 2006. Where there big shifts going on in Europe in those years? Do you feel that there were a lot of changes going on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=589.0,608.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nWell, I'm not so good in putting years to specific events, but if I had to think of the events that had the biggest impact, it was around security policy, particularly on internal security, that was 9/11, obviously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=608.0,626.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nOf course, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=626.0,627.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nSo I think that that had an impact.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=627.0,632.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nMm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=632.0,634.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nI think for the rest, it was when establishing the enlargement processes of the European Union and of NATO, I think. And of making sure that this doesn't cause too many other divides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=634.0,647.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nMm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=647.0,648.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nSo I think these were important developments. It was before the crisis in Georgia, which was in 2008. It was before the speech of President Putin at the Berlin Security Conference. So I think more of the moments where it became more and more clear that Russia would be a very difficult partner, and that, basically, a community of values within the OSCE area, meaning the Northern Hemisphere, will be extremely difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=648.0,676.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nMm-hmm. And, thinking big picture, what do you think the EastWest Institute's impact was in that space?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=676.0,702.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nI think of watching developments, screening them, so to say. Making sure that no new divides evolve. But, as I said a bit earlier, the EastWest, in my memory, obviously asked itself, \"What can our role be?\" In a world where the EastWest Institute, by what it did, achieved a lot. So at what areas to look at. So I think Asia became more of a big focus. But I think it certainly was a time where it was important to meet and much was then achieved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=702.0,749.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nIt was important to meet but... Sorry?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=749.0,752.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nIt was important to meet, to have events being evaluated, but in terms of the overall things, the reason of the being of EastWest Institute much has been achieved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=752.0,770.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nYes, absolutely. You mentioned that if John Mroz was still alive he'd be very concerned about the state of Europe right now. I'm struck also by the fact that you've been an ambassador for your country since 1989. And you mentioned the sea change that 9/11 inaugurated, the accessions to the EU and to NATO. I'd be interested to know your overall assessment of the security challenges that we face in the current moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=770.0,801.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nWell, 1989 I was in my late 20s. I grew up as a Lichtenstein citizen, but I grew up in Vienna. That means 50 kilometers away from the Iron Curtain. So this was something that accompanied me my whole life. I crossed the Iron Curtain several times in my life before. I always felt extremely sorry for the people on the other side. You cannot imagine how oppressive these systems were.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=801.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, for me the year 1998 was a year of great joy. It was a year where I bought my first TV. Because many of the pictures were very small, particularly the pictures that came out of Berlin during the breakdown of the wall or like Wenceslas Place in Prague, or also the last days of both the Ceaușescus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=842.0,856.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think these were extremely strong pictures. And I was extremely impressed how quickly were the issues that we were able to dismiss with that, in a way, to draw out something of the power structure, that basically got all the countries on the same level with regards to their aims, their aims being free societies, free trade. All which our free world means.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=856.0,903.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then in the '90s we gave ourselves the accompanying social strengths. And we saw the very— I repeat myself, but for Europe what is important is, of course, the EU enlargement process, the deepening of the EU, and the NATO enlargement process. So I think these are extremely important processes. And I think that, obviously, the Yugoslav war was a big wound, but is something that did not uphold the overall development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=903.0,939.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, really, I think in many ways, since 2008, exacerbated by 2014, and with the war of Russia in Ukraine the first year, I think the page has totally changed. We are up for a divide, and for divides that will not go away that quickly. And we are in quite a different, a lot of different point in the world we live in. So the tools we will need will be different ones, but I think tools that the EastWest Institute has developed. Which means bring together people, let them discuss controversial ideas, don't give up, don't take for granted that things don't go well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=939.0,995.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've just come from an event that the Irish and the British ambassador hosted that's the anniversary of the Good Friday Agreement for Ireland. And that was extremely inspiring, because this is possible. And I think we should approach the problems we have, just don't give up. But, yes, pretty gloomy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=995.0,1026.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nMm-hmm. That's a very good metric, I think, for working on problems in international relations. Bring people together, let them talk about difficult topics, and don't give up. I like this, good scheme. Well, I suppose I would like to ask, after you've left the EastWest Institute, where your attention turned and what your focus has been? And if your time at the EastWest Institute, or your experience at their meetings, if it shaped the way that you saw the world after you moved on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=1026.0,1064.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nI think some of the things that I said at the beginning. I devoted my whole life to diplomacy, my whole professional life. I've been with the High Commission for Refugees in Sudan. But I was, my whole life, always close to conflict. Not necessarily in conflict areas, but bridging divides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=1064.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think with my activities, I stayed sort of in an EastWest Institute context. But I suppose I feel from EastWest Institute is a very warm feeling of a very strong director with a very good sense of what the topics are and a very good sense of whom he should bring together. And at the time I was working with EastWest Institute one of the very important persons at the time was Martti Ahtisaari, who has given a lot to the European context, and he was always sitting people together, Sitting down with people, without giving up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=1090.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think we have good examples for that. Everybody has a context that we can work on. so I think that that shows how John Mroz had just a very good hand, and was able to keep people at that big division involved with him. So I think on that he was one of a kind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=1140.0,1162.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nWonderful. Well, do you have any advice for current students of international relations, beyond the very good advice you've already offered in the interview?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=1162.0,1173.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARIA PIA KOTHBAUER\n\nI think they all are colleagues of mine. So I think I would spout the same again. I think you made a very important choice. I think—I'm not sure that I want to give advice because the world is obviously always changing. But what I've seen quite a lot in my life are people that became belittled, or that are so disappointed with situations that did not improve.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=1173.0,1218.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think what we are in need of in our profession, or somebody who looks at international affairs is, to be ready to help add context in a very long time span. And so we need a lot of patience otherwise and you have to be willing to [inaudible] otherwise you will not be very useful in the work you're doing. But I think that is extremely important that we don't withdraw to our bubble, that we keep involved and open and really discipline ourselves to always try to think of others vis-a-vis how they see the world, which has become quite important. It will be useful to know the world, because we get so many pictures from all over the world, that sitting together with people, and given the time for real conversation. I think that is extremely important in what we're doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=1218.0,4757.0"},{"id":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509/transcript/42544/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EMILY WHALEN\n\nMm-hmm. Wonderful. Well, thank you so much for your time. That wraps up most of my questions and I just really appreciate you participating in this project. So, one moment, I will pause our recording.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://lcdl.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1894/collection_resources/88957/file/184509#t=4757.0,1299.104"}]}]}]}